Heavy oil production pdf files

Although it is an important energy resource, heavy oil requires an unusually high level of effort and expertise to economically develop and produce. Geographical distribution of oil and natural gas deposits. In areas where oil is found in shallow reservoirs, seeps of crude oil or gas may naturally develop, and some oil could simply be collected from seepage or tar ponds. Pdf heavyoil and oilsand petroleum systems in alberta and. Crucial to ramp up the production of heavy oils to offset. A multitude of different methods have been devised that aid in extraction of heavy oil. Heavy oil production technology challenges and the effect of nano sized metals on the viscosity of heavy oil. Oil spills endanger public health, imperil drinking water, devastate natural resources, and disrupt the economy.

The dynamic viscosity of this heavy oil reaches hundreds of thousands of millipascalseconds at. Pdf crude oil occurs in many different forms throughout the world. Drilling, completion, acid stimulation, and hydraulic fracturing activities can also result in settling in the nearwellbore. Amount of original oilinplace in barrels, and cumulative crude oil production through the year given. Recently, concerns have arisen around the safety of this largely unregulated market. In addition, largescale production of heavy oil resources will require local. Improving project economics is the top priority to maximize the value of extra heavy oil crudes. Failure mechanisms, anthony ingraffea, phd, pe cornell university physicians, scientists, and engineers for healthy energy pse renee santoro physicians, scientists, and engineers for healthy energy pse seth b. When this occurs, human health and environmental quality are put at risk.

Figure 1 is a scatterplot that shows the variation among individual oil fields in extractiontorefining emissions against the cumulative volume of crude oil production1. This course contains exercises and class problems to support the presentation. Properties of heavy petroleum heavy petroleum exhibits a wide range of physical properties and several relationships can be made between various physical properties as shown in. Historical record, and rate analys is ellbore integrity. Factors that affect the difficulty of putting reserves into production include permeability, porosity, depth and pressure. D0174275523 as the industry uses more unconventional petroleum reserves, refiners must develop new, economical ways to process heavy feedstock and residuum.

The extra production, transportation, and upgrading costs explain why development and production of extra heavy oil and bitumen are still limited. Enhanced oil recovery eor methods for heavy oil showing primary reservoir. As conventional crude reserves approach their predicted peak production as early as 2030. The density and viscosity of the oil is the determining factor. Resource estimates for global heavy crude oil based on geology, prevailing economics, and visible technology are updated annually. Hse challenge among the many environmental challenges of extra heavy oil.

Net heavy canadian available exports are the result of subtracting domestic demand from heavy including bitumen crude oil production, and is. But, what is the real problem of this change in a refinery diet. Pdf water issues associated with heavy oil production. In addition, because it is more expensive to refine, processors pay producers less for heavy oil than they pay for crude oil producible via conventional recovery. Thus, in the near future, refineries will be obliged to replace light crudes by heavyextraheavy crude oils as feedstock. Production optimization in heavy oil recovery processes. Comparing venezuelan and canadian heavy oil and tar sands.

Heavy fuel oil hfo, also known as residual fuel oil, is based on the high viscosity, tarlike mass, which remains after the distillation and subsequent cracking of crude oil in order to produce lighter hydrocarbon products, such as petrol, distillate diesel. The orinoco heavy oil belt in venezuela or heavy oil to the rescue. Each attendee will be given the facts to develop an overall understanding of heavy oil development. In this paper the classifying criteria of pvt properties of heavy oil is based on region. Of world production, about 78 % of the total comes from heavy oil. The costs of extra heavy oil developments remain high.

The extra production, transportation, and upgrading costs explain why development and production of extraheavy oil and bitumen are still limited. Improving project economics is the top priority to maximize the value of extraheavy oil crudes. The future of heavy oil, identifies and examine the most important factors affecting the global heavy oil market to 2035. Geological survey usgs, heavy oil is a type of crude oil characterized by an asphaltic, dense, viscous nature similar to molasses, and its asphaltene very large. Conventional crude is projected to account for only 60 percent of liquidfuel supply by 2040, down from 80 percent in 2010, as shown in figure 1b. Pdf overview of heavy oil, seeps, and oil tar sands. Heavy crude oil or extra heavy crude oil is highlyviscous oil that cannot easily flow to production wells under normal reservoir conditions it is referred to as heavy because its density or specific gravity is higher than that of light crude oil. Sharing heavy oil technology jack stevenson, manager, heavy oil focus area, chevron energy technology company heavy oil is a thick fluid that looks like molasses. Hydrogen availability that enables flexibility in refinery production is a must for a modern refinery. To day steam injection is regarded as a wellestablished oil recovery method, which will become increasingly important in the. Optimization of hydrogen production from heavy oil residues abstract hydrotreatment processes are the most important processes in a modern refinery. Future technology in heavy oil processing jorge ancheyta, mohan s. Overview of heavy oil resources provides an overview of the aspects of the geology, development, and commerciality of heavy oil resources.

A consumptionbased poverty reduction strategy osmel manzano and jose sebastian scrofina abstract the oil sector in venezuela is the largest source of foreign currency, the biggest contributor to the fiscal sector and the leading economic activity. The governments desire to increase oil production has equally been linked, in the short term, to the presidents reelection aspirations. Production estimates for heavy crude oil by country and fields with detailed estimates for over 400 marketable crude steams are updated quarterly. Device description gaslight liquid1 2light oil heavy oil3 leak rate no. Meta, the sole risk field operator, is currently producing heavy oil from the rubiales field. Although the lighter conventional crudes are often waterflooded to enhance recovery, this method is essentially. Hse challenge among the many environmental challenges of extraheavy oil.

Recovery some heavy oil production can be accomplished via conventional methods, such as vertical wells, pumps, and pressure maintenance, but these methods are considered highly inefficient. However, innovative drilling, completion, stimulation and monitoring techniques help make heavyoil reservoirs pro. An overview of heavy oil properties and its recovery and. Oil has been used for lighting purposes for many thousands of years. Heavy oil and natural bitumen resources in geological basins of. Thermal injection is the classical eor method used for heavy oil but it is not always applicable, for instance when reservoirs are deep or too thin.

Our heavy oil production optimization treatment strategies draw from a wide range of production chemical solutions as utilized throughout each stage of production. Oil producers involved in heavyoil recovery face special production challenges. Although talking about oil and its production may sound complicated. Heavy oil properties and evaluation are part of a screening process which begins with gathering as much reservoir data as possible not the subject of this text and as much data related to the properties of the heavy oil that are useful in developing a coherent package to compare with the screening criteria for various recovery methods. In order to assist analysts and investors in understanding heavy oil pricing, we provide this quarterly heavy oil pricing update. This paper is to be presented at the petroleum societys canadian international petroleum conference 2001, calgary, alberta. Petroleum engineering downstream future technology in heavy oil processing jorge ancheyta, mohan s. Analysis of cannabis and hemp products for heavy metals introduction the cannabis industry has taken the world by storm and has flooded the market with new products. Data presented here are based on published and unpublished information available from various federal.

After the peak in world conventional oil production rate is passed, perhaps about 5 years from now, light oil production will gradually decline at a rate that will be somewhat tempered, but not. Estimated reserves of heavy oil are over 6 trillion barrels, three times that of conventional oil and gas. Domestic demand for heavy crude oil is expected to increase by approximately 50 percent and reach over 800,000 bpd by 2035. Amount of original oil inplace in barrels, and cumulative crude oil production through the year given. Estimated reserves of heavy oil are over 6 trillion barrels, three times that of conventional oil and gas factors that affect the difficulty of putting reserves into production include permeability, porosity, depth and pressure. The costs of extraheavy oil developments remain high. The disposition of the heavy oil as such would require transportation of the crude to the refinery in which it would be processed. Moving on to the upgrading and refining of the product, the book also includes information on in situ upgrading.

The production stream for wcs comes from canadian natural resources, cenovus, suncor energy and. Introduction and synopsis find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Section iv analyzes the technology and economics of domestic heavy oil recovery. Cold heavy oil production with sand workshop calgary september 21, 2011 recon chops workshop calgary sept 21, 2011 for more information visit the ots oilfield technical society heavy oil science center lloydminster visit. Heavy oil reservoirs are notoriously difficult to produce and primary recovery is often low even with chops cold heavy oil production with sand. The location of the field, coupled with the crude oil properties see table 1, rubiales crude properties, makes export of the fields production difficult. Overview of heavy oil, seeps, and oil tar sands, california. While heavy oil is abundant, it also presents significant economic and technological challenges.

Here in kern river, we have lots of heavy oil, and we started producing on primary production for many years and were only able to recover about 10 percent of the oil. These refineries are located in the usgc and most of them have long term contracts with heavy oil producers such as mexico or venezuela. Abstract asphaltene precipitation is caused by numerous factors such as temperature, pressure and compositional vartiations. The density of the heavy oil in the shanjiasi field is up to 0.

Heavy oil cannot easily be pumped for a variety of reasons relating to its viscosity, density, and sometimes to its level of contamination with rock and other solid debris. In an increasingly technological era, the united states has become more dependent upon oil based products to help us maintain our high standard of living. It is comprised of existing canadian heavy conventional and bitumen crude oils that are blended with diluents. Heavy crude oil reference prices, monthly western canadian select wcs is a heavy crude oil stream which originates from western canada. Cost optimization in heavyoil production can be achieved through numerical modeling to suggest general optimal strategies and development plans or by using proper realtime data acquisition for prompt decisions while operations are ongoing. Petroleum refining heavy oil extraction techniques. Usgs heavy crude oil, oil sands and bitumen reserves represent over 50% of the total global crude oil and it is hoped that its production will increase from to 18 mmbd between 2015 and 2035. The processes involved with heavy oil production often require external water supplies for. Overview of heavy oil resources training course petroskills. Oil and gas production handbook an introduction to oil. Section iii discusses the geographic and geologic distribution of heavy inplace oil resources in the contiguous 48 states, the gross reservoir and fluid characteristics of these resources, and previous cumulative production and current reserves of heavy oil. A 20 spe paper on the project explains that pelican lake is the first successful application of polymer flooding in much higher viscosity oil 1,0002,500cp and as such, it opens a new avenue for the development of heavy oil resources that are not accessible to.

Analysis of cannabis and hemp products for heavy metals. Oil and gas production and oil transfer pumping fugitive emissions facility id facility name contact please fill in all spaces and provide supporting data as noted. Heavy oil and bitumen are characterized by highdensity, highviscosity, and highheavy fraction components. Finally, we turn to the current heavy oil projects. Both methods have the potential to cause impacts to ground and surface water resources. Historically, we know of the tales of eternal fires where oil and gas seeps would ignite and burn. Geographical distribution of oil and natural gas deposits different means of transportation to the consumption centers hilmar rempel federal institute for geosciences and natural resources germany abstracts hydrocarbons oil and gas are at present the most important energy fuels. Spe 127477 manufacturing light oil from heavy crude ratqa.

Oil producers involved in heavy oil recovery face special production challenges. Top 10 countries with bitumen and extraheavy oil reserves. An overview of heavy oil properties and its recovery and transportation methods 573 brazilian journal of chemical engineering vol. Less discussed have been the reserves of heavy crude oil. Heavy oil recovery in trinidad and tobago raffie hosein and jerome rajnauth the university of the west indies the ministry of energy and energy affairs. Therefore, optimization in hydrogen production is in focus of both.

Geological survey openfile report 20071084, available. Ghg emission factors for high carbon intensity crude oils. Heavy oil recovery and upgrading covers properties, factors, methods and all current and upcoming processes, giving engineers, new and experienced, the full spectrum of recovery choices, including sagd, horizontal well technology, and hybrid approaches. Heavy oil production is a developing technology for extracting heavy oil in industrial quantities.

Production of medium, heavy, and extraheavy crude oil requires significant investment to lift, process, and transport these highly viscous fluids at ambient. Also, extra heavy oil and natural bitumen must usually be upgraded by reducing their carbon content or adding hydrogen before they can be used as feedstock for a conventional refinery. These solutions are further enhanced when coupled with our proprietary chemwatcher integrated chemical management software in the avocet production operations software. Also, extraheavy oil and natural bitumen must usually be upgraded by reducing their carbon content or adding hydrogen before they can be used as feedstock for a conventional refinery. Heavy oil production involves either mining large tracts of land, which results in surface disturbance, or drilling of numerous injection and recovery wells for in situ production.